Proctor 1933 was the first to develop a method of assessing compacted fill that has since become a universal standard and the test is known as standard proctor test. It is similar to the british standard heavy compaction test. The proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type will become most dense and achieve its maximum dry density. Modification of liquid limit test of nonplastic material. Modified proctor test calculation procedure standard proctor compaction test of soil density 2018. Specification for modified proctor compaction test.
These generally involve compacting soil into a mould at various moisture contents. It can be seen that the omc of the modified proctor test is lower than. However, this procedure is judged to be much more complex and less desirable than the astm d 1557 procedure. His original test is most commonly referred to as the standard proctor compaction test. Theory compaction is the process by which the bulk density of an aggregate of matter is increased by driving out air. Energy ratio in modified proctor test to standard proctor test is given by a 4. Compaction of soil process, necessity and theory of. The test is named in honor of ralph roscoe proctor, who in 1933 showed that the dry density of a soil for a given compactive effort depends on the amount of water the soil contains during soil. Compaction of soil is the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type becomes most dense and achieve its maximum dry density by removal of air voids. Test procedure is similar to that of standard proctor test. So this read explains in depth, the significance, background, apparatus and procedure of the standard proctor test. The dcp test for chemical modified soil is discontinued at 25 blow counts if the dcp does not. The standard proctor test astm d698 employs 12,400 ftlbsft. Enter the required project information at the top of the form.
Compaction concepts transportation research board trb of the. Basics of soil compaction it is worth mentioning, that densification or compaction of soil continue reading standard proctor test. Modified proctor compaction test the modified proctor compaction test astm d1557 is a widely used test for compaction control of fill. Compaction densification of soil by reducing air voids by application of. The modified proctors test, the reduced modified proctors test, the. Refer to the manufacturers operators manual to determine any restrictions for the.
In geotechnical engineering, soil compactionis the process in which a stress applied to a soilcauses densification as air is displaced from the pores between the soil grains. The test allows for determination of a d value that is equivalent to percent compaction. Heavy compaction test of soil, modified proctor test pdf. However, this procedure is judged to be much more complex and less desirable than the. Jun 29, 2020 the proctor compaction test or heavy compaction test is a laboratory test which is used for experimentally determining the optimal moisture content o. Suitable increments of water will be added successively and mixed into the sample, and the above procedure will be repeated for each. Its process is almost same as standard proctor test with little differences which you.
Modified proctor test is used to determine the compaction of different types of soil and the properties of soil with a change in moisture content and the relationship between dry density and moisture content. Guidelines for earthwork construction control testing of gravelly soils. The dcp test for chemical modified soil is discontinued at 25. Therefore, the modified proctor test, which imparts four and a half times more energy into the compactive effort than the standard proctor test, was developed. For pure sandy soils a compaction curve is not useful b a well defined omc exists c modified proctor test is recommended d jodhpur miniature compaction test is recommended 5. Proctor, and porter static compaction tests on samples of silt and. For the same type of soil, the modified proctor yields a higher maximum dry density and lower optimum moisture content. Because of the importance of compaction in most earth works standard procedures have been developed. The procedure involves compacting three sequential layers of soil in a the density that can be achieved using this. This test is adapted by bis and is known as heavy compaction test. In fact, results greater than 100 percent compaction were becoming more common. Proctor mould having a capacity of 944 cc with an internal diameter of 10.
In this study, a laboratory procedure is devised to determine the. The current version reapproved in 1998 includes procedures a, b, and c earlier. Chemical modified soils may be tested for strength 24h after compaction. Objectives to determine the optimal water content at which the soil sample can reach its maximum dry density in accordance to astm d698. The moisture content dry density relationship of the soil obtained from proctor s test forms the basis for. Pdf compaction of soil at maximum dry density is required in many engineering projects. Compaction test of soil is carried out using proctor s test to understand compaction characteristics of different soils with change in moisture content. Note 2the equipment and procedures are the same as proposed by the u. Modified proctor test an overview sciencedirect topics. May 03, 2020 standard proctor compaction test is to establish a relationship between dry density and moisture content for a soil under controlled conditions.
Indian institute of technology gandhinagar department of. This intensified procedure became known as the modified proctor test. Pdf rolling dynamic compaction rdc is a generic term. Pdf use of proctor compaction testing for deep fill construction. Evaluation of laboratory compaction procedures for specification of. Jan 27, 2019 maximum dry density of soil is determined in the laboratory with the help of standard proctor test standardized by astm d698 and aashto t99. Compaction of soil is done by dropping a standard ram 25 times for each layer of soil. One of the original and most popular tests, the standard compaction test, was developed by r. There are two proctor tests that defined by the american association of highway officials and american standard testing material. There are several types of test which can be used to study the compactive properties of soils. Astm d1557 00 standard test methods for laboratory. The modified proctor test has several different performance methods. The standard proctor test astm d698, aashto t99, and the modified. The test establishes the relationship between the moisture content and dry density of a material for the specified compaction energy, and yields a maximum dry density at an optimum moisture content.
This focused attention on the importance of subgrade compaction, leading to the modified proctor compaction test in 1946. Alternative compaction recommendations are also presented based on txdots tx 1e compaction procedure. Objective to obtain the graphical relationship of the dry density to moisture content in the form of compaction curve, for determining the values of optimum moisture content omc and maximum dry density mdd. The rapid compaction test is a threepoint proctor compaction test that works on an adjusted wet density basis. Test procedure form sm 417b is used for recording the compaction test data. Procedure take a representative sample of air dried soil of about 5 kg soil not susceptible to crushing during compaction or 3 kg from 15 kg sample soil susceptible to crushing during compaction passing through 19mm is sieve and mix thoroughly with a. Proctor soil compaction test procedures, tools and results. Add water to the specimen and compact it in accordance to standard proctor test or modified proctor test. Standard proctor test procedure apparatus calculation. The proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the. The proctor compaction test is a test that compacts the soil material at various moisture contents. Theory compaction is the process by which the bulk density of an aggregate of matter is. Furthermore, this manual is part of mdots materials quality assurance program.
Astm d1557 12e1 standard test methods for laboratory. This typically leads to variances between 8% and 11%, as shown above. The 95% saturation line and 5% air voids line are a same. Construction traffic or equipment shall not be allowed on the chemical modified soil until the modified soils meet the dcp test requirements. G s bulk saturated surface dry shall be assumed to be 2. Compaction test light weightstandard proctor compaction is 2720part vii1980 reaffirmed2011 theory. According to proctor, the compaction of a soil mass is dependent on the following four major factors. In modified proctor test, the mould used is the same as for the standard proctor test having volume c. The difference between the two test procedures would be the hammer weight, number of blows and the number of layers of soil. A modified proctor test is conducted by placing soil in a standard mold and compacted with a standard ram. The modified proctor is only used in special circumstances where high density is required in the field. Evaluation of laboratory compaction procedures for. Compaction of soil at maximum dry density is required in many engineering projects. The modified proctor compaction test is a standard test procedure for compaction of soil using a higher energy of compaction.
A particular soil needs to have an ideal or optimum amount of moisture to achieve maximum density. After compaction, remove the collar and level the surface using cutting edge. The three tests on the right side of the table are designated astm d 1577 method a known the original modified proctor compaction test. Proctor, who in 1933 showed that the dry density of a soil for a given comp active effort depends on the amount of water the soil contains during soil compaction. Proctor compaction test procedure a representative bulk field sample is obtained for each type of soil material proposed for use in the earthwork operation. Technician qualification requirements are documented in accordance with 23 cfr 637. Astmd1557 standard test methods for laboratory compaction. Oct 05, 2002 modified proctor test is identical to the standard proctor test except it employs, a 10 lb hammer falling a distance of 18 inches, and uses five equal layers of soil instead of three. The modified proctor test, the reduced modified proctor test, the standard proctor test and the reduced standard proctor test are dynamic methods which uses different compactive efforts. Key words compaction, soils, embankment, density 18. What is the difference in the maximum dry density achieved in standard and modified proctor test. Modified test compaction effort 2700 knmm3 56,000 lbftft3.
Modified proctor moisture density relationship of soils iowa dot. In the standard compaction test, the maximum dry density is achieved on greater moisture content as compared to in modified proctor test and vice versa. Guidelines for earthwork construction control testing of. These tests require considerable time and effort and also these have some imperfections. Compaction of soil process, necessity and theory of compaction. The omc for the modified proctor test can be determined as the maximum dry density value which in figure 3 can be seen at moisture content of 14%.
Modified proctor aashto t180astm d1557 testing procedures more closely approximate the compaction effort of modern equipment. The most common is the proctor test, or modified proctor test. Also, to the accordance with the latest technologies a new version of the test is developed and it is called the modified proctor compaction test and designated by astm d1557 and aashto t180. This is important not only for durability, but will save money because less compaction effort is needed to achieve the desired results.
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